网络结构、创新基础设施与区域创新绩效——基于网络DEA乘法模型的分析

利用滞后1期的两阶段网络DEA乘法模型,采用我国30个省份5年的科技统计数据对我国区域创新网络系统效率进行了测度,同时将创新网络结构变量作为影响区域创新网络系统技术效率的解释变量展开研究,使用DEA-Tobit模型考察分析了创新网络结构与创新基础设施两方面对区域创新效率的影响效应。结果表明:我国各省区域两阶段知识创新整体效率均较低,整体效率较低主要是由于第二阶段的知识转化技术效率低下造成的;网络结构中网络开放性和网络规模对于区域创新效率具有一定作用,网络密度与网络结构洞的影响效应不明显;创新环境对区域创新绩效则具有重要影响作用。目前,企业在我国区域产学研创新活动中起到了主导作用,高校与研究院所的作用则远远不足。为提升我国区域创新绩效,我国各区域应在充分发挥企业在产学研协同创新中心作用的同时,大力提升高校和科研院所的知识转化率,发挥高校与科研机构的知识溢出效应;也应注重提高地区信息基础设施水平,加强区域创新基础设施的建设;并注意R&D经费的使用效率。

Network Structure,Innovation Infrastructure and Regional Innovation Performance: An Analysis Based on Network DEA Multiplication Model

Using two phase lag phase 1 network DEA multiplication model,this paper measured the efficiency of China’s regional innovation network system based on the scientific and technological statistics of 30 provinces from 2013 to 2017 in China.At the same time,using the innovation network structure variable as the explanatory variable affecting the technical efficiency of regional innovation network system,the paper adopted DEA-Tobit model to investigate the influence of the innovation network structure and infrastructure on the regional innovation efficiency.The results show that the overall efficiency of knowledge innovation in both stages is low in each province and region of China,and the overall low efficiency is mainly due to the low efficiency of knowledge transformation technology in the second stage.Secondly,network openness and network scale in network structure have certain effects on regional innovation efficiency,while network density and network structure hole have no obvious effect.Finally,the innovation environment plays an important role in regional innovation performance.At present,enterprises play a leading role in the innovation activities of regional production,education and research in China,and the role of universities and research institutes is far from enough.To improve the performance of regional innovation in China,all regions should vigorously promote the knowledge conversion rate in universities and research institutes and realize their knowledge spillover effect while giving full play to the core role of enterprises in the collaborative innovation of production,education and research;focus on improving the level of regional information infrastructure and strengthening the construction of regional innovation infrastructure;and improve the efficiency of using national scientific research and development funds.