考虑社会责任的供应链定价与碳减排决策

由于企业社会责任对供应链的可持续发展具有重要影响,所以,针对考虑企业社会责任的供应链管理进行深入研究是十分必要的。在碳总量控制与交易制度下,针对由一个制造商和一个零售商组成的二级供应链,分别分析零售商、制造商领导情形下供应链成员的定价和碳减排决策,并着重探讨零售商的社会(福利)责任关注行为、低碳技术投资效率和消费者环保意识对企业决策和利润(效用)、总消费者剩余以及社会福利的影响。研究表明:零售价格、碳减排水平以及产品销售量可能随着零售商的社会(福利)责任关注度的提高而同时增加;在零售商领导型供应链中,零售商利润的增加并不总是依赖于低碳技术投资效率(消费者环保意识)的提高;在制造商领导型供应链中,零售商的社会责任关注度的提高可使制造商和零售商同时获益,且制造商可能存在先动劣势。

Pricing and Carbon Emission Reduction Decisions in A Socially Responsible Supply Chain

Implementing corporate social responsibility,including environmental and social responsibilities, is important for sustainable development.Nowadays, corporate social responsibility is no longer just an internal issue within an organization or a company; its impact is extended to the partners of the supply chain. Thus, it is necessary to make a deep study on the socially responsible supply chain management. In this paper, a dyadic manufacturer-retailer supply chain with corporate social responsibility and cap-and-trade scheme is considered when either the retailer or the manufacturer dominates the product market. In the manufacturer-/retailer-led supply chain, the manufacturer produces products and sells them to retailer, then the retailer sells the products to consumers; and all channel members have access to the same information. Meanwhile, the manufacturer exhibits environmental responsibility behavior, that is, it adopts the carbon emission reduction technology under the cap-and-trade scheme; and the retailer exhibits social (welfare) responsibility behavior, that is, it takes the consumer surplus into consideration when setting price. Based on game theory and optimization method, the price and carbon emission reduction decisions of channel members are investigated; and the effects of the retailer's socialresponsibility behavior, the efficiency of investment of carbon emission reduction technology, and the consumer's environmental awareness on firms' decisions and profits (utilities), total consumer surplus, and social welfare are examined. The main results can be obtained as follows:the retail price, carbon emission reduction level, and sales quantity may simultaneously increase with the attentiondegree of retailer's social (welfare) responsibility; for the retailer-led supply chain, the retailer does not always benefit from the increase of the efficiency of investment of carbon emission reduction technology (consumer's environmental awareness); for the manufacturer-led supply chain, the manufacturer and retailer may simultaneously benefit from the increase of the attention degree of retailer's social responsibility, and there may be a first-mover disadvantage for the manufacturer. In short, a new perspective is provided to investigate the price and carbon emission reduction decisions of a socially responsible supply chain, which contributes to behavioral decision theory.