消费增长、分配制度改革与经济发展方式转变

在经济增长过程中,消费的作用是积极的。国内消费需求不足,不仅会使大量投资形成产能过剩,而且会导致已形成的生产能力开工不足,失业增加,劳动者收入增长艰难。中国必须把扩大消费定位于经济发展的第一拉动力,而且应将消费总量的扩大和消费结构的升级打造成为经济发展方式转变的主要推动力量。收入差距的持续扩大,不仅会抑制消费增长,严重弱化经济增长的内生拉动力,更会导致社会阶层之间的矛盾突出,进而引发社会动荡乃至社会危机。因此,我们必须进一步深化收入分配制度改革,努力实现居民收入增长和经济发展同步、劳动报酬增长和劳动生产率提高同步,低收入者收入明显增加,中等收入群体持续扩大,贫困人口显著减少,人民生活质量和水平不断提高的目标。具体应从以下几点着手:充分发挥政府的主导作用,扭转收入差距扩大趋势;深化分配制度改革,形成公平合理的国民收入分配格局;加快服务业发展,加快消费升级;建立健全各项政策法规,规范收入分配秩序。

The Relationship between Consumption Increase,Distribution System Reform,and Changes of Economic Development Means

Consumption plays a positive role in the process of economy development.The less demanding of domestic consumption can lead to not only the surplus of production capability but also the increase of unemployment and difficulty of income increase.Therefore,China must take the enlargement of consumption as the priority to develop economy and make the enlargement of overall consumption and the upgrade of consumption structure be the main driving force to change the economic development means as well.The increase of income gap can not only prevent the increase of consumption,weaken the internal driving force of economic growth,but also intensify the conflicts between different social classes,which further leads to social turmoil and even social crisis.Therefore,China must further deepen the reform of distribution system to realize its general goals.Specifically,the following measures should be taken.First,the government should take its leading role to prevent the tendency of increasing income gap.Second,the reform of distribution system should be furthered to establish the fair and reasonable distribution pattern.Third,the service industry should be quickened to upgrade consumption.Fourth,various policies and regulations should be established and perfected to regulate distribution order.