汉代皇宫宿卫运作制度

汉代是中国古代皇宫宿卫运作制度发展的重要时期,较为系统、周密的皇宫宿卫运作制度在这一时期基本形成。其中宫省制度严格规定了皇宫宫殿和省中等各处的出入和活动准则,不仅如此,皇帝出行和宿止皇宫之外时,同样需要严格执行宫省制度；符籍制度用查验门籍和合符等方式确保经常出入皇宫各宫殿人员的准确性和正当性,临时出入皇宫者需要有柴传或引籍；更值制度以宫卫令等法令规范宿卫职官和卫士的宿卫时间、宿卫方式、宿卫职责、值卫交接等以保障皇宫宿卫的高度严密性；警跸制度规定在皇帝出行过程中宿卫职官和卫士需要以警戒和清道等方式护卫皇帝及其属车,保持高度警惕,以戒不虞；静室制度规定对于皇帝准备宿止的处所,由静室令负责预先对其进行严格清查,排除一切潜伏的危险因素,保证皇帝居止处所的绝对安全。这些具体的规章制度相辅相成,不仅使汉代的皇宫宿卫更为规范,同时成为汉代皇权安全的重要制度保障。

On the Operating System of Safeguarding Imperial Palace in Han Dynasty

In order to guard imperial palace efficiently,operating system that was of service to guard imperial palace more better had been built in Han Dynasty.The system,which included some concrete systems such as Gongsheng,Fuji,Gengzhi,Jingbi,Jingshi and so on.Among these systems,the Gongsheng System was about some rules that must be abided by when someone wanted to exit from or enter in the imperial palace.Although emperor live in out imperial palace,Gongsbeng system must been abided by strictly;the Fuji System could as- sure people who can exit from or enter in imperial palace by check up Fuji,Yinji and so on;the Gengzhi System defined some decrees that officers and sedieres who take charge of guarding imperial palace must carry out;the Jingbi System could safeguard the emperor by alerting and cleaning out passers when the emperor traveled out imperial palace;the Jingshi System could safeguard the emperor by cleaning away all elements of dangers when the emperor lived out imperial palace.These concrete systems was not only composed the operating system of safe- guarding imperial palace,but also secure the imperial power in Han Dynasty.