论乔姆斯基生物语言学范式下的语言研究转向

生成语法学派的诞生主导了当代语言学研究从结构分析模式向生物语言学框架的“由外至内”的范式转向；原则和参数理论时期“自上而下”从普遍语法内部探究其规则及应用，推动了语言获得研究向纵深发展；最简方案时期，尤其是21世纪以来从普遍语法之外的第三要素出发，以“自下而上”为主，融合两种方式考察狭义语言官能的本质。生物语言学走向交叉学科背景下探索“最小递归”和语言官能演化之谜的道路。本文论述了乔姆斯基生成语法理论的建立动机及历次转向的动因，并对其未来发展进行了展望。

On the Shifts of Chomsky's Linguistic Research Approaches within the Biolinguistics Framework

The formation of Generative Grammar leads to a paradigm shift of linguistic research from traditional ana-lytic procedures to a biolinguistics framework,or from externalized language to internalized language.During the Principles and Parameters period,an "up-down" approach was employed to explore Universal Grammar's internal rules and their application,which promoted the further development in language acquisition study.In the Minimalist Program period,especially since the 21st century,a"bottom-top"approach to examine UG by the third factors out-side UG,converging the "up- down" one,has been adopted to study the nature of language faculty in the narrow sense.Biolinguistic research has been on the way to inquiring into "minimal recursion" and the evolutionary mystery of language faculty under interdisciplinary backgrounds.This paper discusses the motivations for theoretical architec-ture of Chomsky's generative grammar and the shifts of its research approaches,and forecasts its future development.