3岁以下随迁子女照料对流动女性就业参与的影响研究

本文把3岁以下随迁子女照料分为家庭照料和社会化托育服务,利用2016年全国流动人口动态监测调查数据,综合运用Probit模型、工具变量法以及交互效应检验,考察3岁以下随迁子女照料对流动女性就业参与的影响。研究结果表明,在纠正内生性偏误后,与母亲作为主要照料人相比,其他家庭照料主体参与照料对流动女性就业参与具有显著的正向作用。其中,父亲参与的照料能够使流动女性的就业概率提升约30%,而祖辈照料则使流动女性就业概率提升约58%。另外,选择社会化托育服务对流动女性就业参与也具有显著的正向作用。进一步的交互检验表明,母亲照料1-2岁和2-3岁随迁子女会使得其就业概率更低,分别是照料0-1岁随迁子女的9.4%和7.7%。

Study of the Influence of Caring for the Children under the Age of 3 on the Employment Participation of Migrant Women

Based on the data of 2016 China Migrants Dynamic Survey(CMDS),this paper divides the care of Migrant women’s children into family care and social care and investigates the impact of cares for the trailing children under 3 on the migrant women’s employment participation by comprehensively applying Probit model,instrumental variable method and interaction test.The results show that after correcting the endogeneity bias,compared with the mother as the primary caregiver,the other caregivers of the family has a significant positive effect on the employment participation of migrant women,the father’s caregiver role can increase the employment probability of migrant women by about 30%the childcare,while grandparents’role as care givers can increases it by about 58%.In addition,the social care services have significant positive effect on the employment participation of migrant women.Further interaction test shows that mother as caregiver for the trailing children of 1-2 and 2-3 can bring even lower employment participation which only be 9.4%and 7.7%of caring for children under 1 year old respectively.