大学毕业生实际就业收入的性别差异：分布、成因与对策

目前对大学毕业生实际就业收入性别差异的系统性研究缺乏。大学毕业生实际就业收入存在明显性别差异,且有扩大趋势。在教育层次、就业行业、职业岗位、学科专业和实习期等方面,男大学毕业生的就业收入高于女大学毕业生。就业期望收入的性别差异、行业职业的性别隔离和用人单位的性别歧视等是导致大学毕业生实际就业收入性别差异的主要因素。加强女大学毕业生创业就业教育,完善公平就业的制度建设以及优化性别平等的社会文化环境,减少对女性的性别歧视是缩小男女大学毕业生实际就业收入差异的关键。

Gender Gap of Employment Income of College Students:Distribution,Causes and Countermeasures

In lieu of the widening gender employment income gap amongst college students in China,systemic research into the matter is not enough.Female incomes are generally lower than male incomes,due to various factors such as gender expected income gap,gender industry and occupation isolation,and employers’ statistical gender discrimination.In order to decrease gender discrimination and narrow the income gap,the paper recommends enforcing enterprise and employment education to female college students,perfecting the equal opportunity employment system,and optimizing social culture of female employment.