小说翻译评估的两种文体视角

文体是文学翻译评估,尤其是文体内涵丰富的小说翻译评估不可或缺的核心元素。小说语言的文体意义有两种文体表征形式，一为显性文体表征，以英语小说语言为典型；二为隐性文体表征，以汉语小说语言为典型。当评估从“显”到“隐”的小说翻译时，适合主要采用原文文体导向型评估方式；而当评估从“隐”到“显”的小说翻译时，适合主要采用译文文体导向型评估方式。前者重在考察原文显性文体表征在译文中的忠实传递，而后者重视译文直接面对原文文体意义而作的创造性再现。当前学界在评估小说翻译时，主要采用原文文体导向型方法，对隐性文体的考察还有所欠缺。

Two stylistic approaches to assessing fiction translation

Style is with little doubt central to any approach to assessing literary translation, fiction included, which intends to claim any legitimacy. Current assessment models for fiction translation predominantly hinge on the faithfulness of representation of the style of the original text, which works well for assessing translations in which the original language is of explicit style, e.g. English, but not so much when the original is of implicit style, e.g. Chinese. A valid assessment model should look into how well not only the explicit style, but the implicit style as well, of the original language is rendered into the target language.