开放宏观视角下的全球环境问题

在经济全球化背景下，国际贸易和投资自由化使得要素在全球范围内流动，环境问题也被赋予了全球化的内容。本文基于开放宏观的视角，对经济增长与环境、贸易与环境、全球气候变暖等重要的环境问题进行分析，发现在全球范围内，环境质量的改善在很大程度上只是污染发生了转移，而非真正意义上的污染减少，发达国家与发展中国家间存在着多维度的环境不平等问题。但是，由于环境问题的特殊性（外部性、公共物品），任何一个国家或地区不可能独善其身，环境问题的最终解决必须通过国际合作才能实现。

Global Environmental Problems from an Open and Macro Perspective

This article discusses such environmental problems as economic growth and environment, trade and global warming. It is found that, on a global scale, the improvement of environmental quality is only a transfer of pollution, rather than the pollu- tion reduction in a true sense. Besides, multi - dimensional environmental inequality exists between developed and developing countries. To realize our goal of low - carbon transition, a five - in - one path is proposed as follows ： structural adjustment is the fundamental way; technological progress is the key; environmental governance is the dispensable way; deepening the reform is the intrinsic motivation; and international cooperation is an important measure.