外层空间环境保护的国家立法研究

人类的空间活动已经对外层空间环境产生了明显的负面影响。为履行有关国际条约所规定的国家义务,确保本国空间活动的顺利进行,保障本国空间资产的安全,许多国家都在其国内立法中规定了空间活动（主要是发射活动）的许可制度,其中大多包含保护外层空间环境方面的要求,并将其作为获取许可证的一个必要条件或实施监管的重要内容之一。从目前情况看,各国有关外空环境保护的立法大多属于原则性规定,尚需制定具体的技术标准、规范或指南来促进其实施。

Study on National Legislation on Protection of Outer-space Environment

Human space activities have produced significant negative impact on the environment of outer space.In order to fulfill the obligations of States under international Treaties,and to ensure the smooth progress of national space activities and the security of national space assets,many countries have specific provisions in their domestic legislation on the licensing system of space activities（mainly launch activities）,most of which include protection of the outer space environment requirements,and consider it as a necessary condition to obtain a license or an important part for the implementation of regulation.From the current situation,most of the provisions of national legislation on environmental protection of outer space are general principles;we need to provide specific technical standards,rules or guidelines to facilitate its implementation.