以科学与理性的名义:新文化运动中的海克尔及其学说在中国的传播

新文化运动时期,海克尔的许多著作被译成中文,他的学说被当作"科学"与"理性"的化身在中国得到广泛传播,并成为新派人物宣传科学、反对迷信的重要思想武器.但在新文化运动后期,由于受第一次世界大战后世界思潮转换的影响,海克尔的学说也曾饱受讥评,其影响也逐渐退出了中国思想界.海克尔及其学说在中国的遭遇,反映了新文化运动前后两个阶段在学理层面上的不同取向.

In the Name of Science and Rationality: Ernst Heinrich Haeckel and His Theory Spread in China during the New Culture Movement

E.H.Haeckel's many works were translated into Chinese during the New Culture Movement.At the same time,his theory was widely spread as an embodiment of science and reason,which became a new weapon against superstition.In the later stage of the New Culture Movement,Haeckel and his theory was strictly criticized by Chinese intellectuals because of the international transformation of the ideological trend after the First World War.As a result,Haeckel's influence reduced gradually and disappeared at last.The ex...