已婚独生女相对资源优势与单独居住选择研究——基于苏州市吴中区的调查

第一代独生子女大规模进入婚育年龄，由于此类家庭关系的特殊性，势必对传统的家庭居住方式产生冲击。文章利用2006年苏州市20-29岁育龄妇女家庭户调查资料，建立已婚独生女资源优势变量，通过列联交互表与卡方检验的方法，判断资源优势与独生女单独居住的关联性。研究结果表明：已婚独生女单独居住与其社会资本和文化资本优势呈显著负相关，与其经济资本优势呈正相关。夫妻间资本优势影响家庭权力分配，并影响到居住决策，且社会资本和文化资本优势影响力超过经济资本优势。鉴于此，本文提出“优势一选择”理论予以解释，认为独生女依据自己不同的比较资源优势，依次选择自己意愿的居住方式。

The Relative Resources Superiority of the Married Daughter and Their choice to Live Separately from Parents in the Families with Only-One-Child

The first generation of only one-child have been reach the age of marriage and their marriage is for sure to bring impacts on the traditional living pattern because of the particularity of the only-one-child families compared with the traditional multiple children families. Based on the data from a household survey of the women at the age of 20-29 years in Suzhou in 2006, this paper establishes the variables of resource advantage of married daughter in the only-one-child families to explore the relevance of resources superiority to their living separate from parents through the interactive table and chi-square test method. The results show the living separate from parents of the daughters from the families with only- one-child correlate negatively with their social capital and the cultural capital advantage while correlate positively with their economic capital superiority. What is more, the imbalance of the capital superiority of the Husband＇s and the wife＇s affects the boast of family power and further affects the decision-making of living arrangement. The superiority from social and cultural capital is more powerful than that from economic capital in affecting such decision-making. The superiority choice theory can be adopted to explain the living pattem of the daughters from the only-one-child families, that is to say, they choose their living pattern according to the comparative superiority of their resources they boast of.