论对苏联农业全盘集体化运动的评价——兼评《世界史·现代史编》一个问题的写法

恩格斯的农业合作化理论强调不能用强制的办法去剥夺小农；列宁要求通过农民自愿的合作化，把农民经济引向社会主义经济。斯大林农业集体化的理论与农业集体化运动违反农民自愿原则，违反客观经济规律，对富农实行错误的过火政策，从而导致苏联农业生产的严重破坏与长期滞后。评价历史上的经济建设与苏联农业集体化运动，务必坚持一切以是否有利于发展社会主义社会的生产力、有利于增强社会主义国家的综合国力、有利于提高人民的生活水平这“三个有利于”为根本判断标准。

On the Evaluation of the "Overall Agricultural Collectivization" of the Soviet Union

The main points of F. Engels' theory on agricultural collectivization are: Petty peasantry is not to be deprived of by force;V. Lenin demanded leading the peasants' economy to socialist economy through the willing collectivization of the peasantry;J. Stalin's theory on agricultural collectivization and the agricultural collectivization campaign ran against the principle of the willingness of the peasants, violated the objective law of economy, and adopted an erroneous radical policy towards the rich peasants,thus causing severe damage to and long - term stagnation of agricutural production in the Soviet U- nion.In evaluating the economic construction and the Soviet agricultural collectivization,people must adhere to the basic cri- teria of whether or not beneficial to the development of socialist productive, whether or not beneficial to the increase of the comprehensive power of the socialist country, and whether or not beneficial to the increase of the people's living stan- dards.