现代化理论的回顾及对中国的启示

发展是人类永恒的话题,实现现代化是中国现阶段的奋斗目标。经典现代化理论认为,现代化表现为政治民主化、经济工业化、社会城市化、文化理性化,发展中国家要想实现现代化就要模仿西方发展模式。对此,依附理论从"中心—外围"的观点出发批判其"西方中心论"倾向,世界体系理论则指出现代化理论单线进化思维的局限,后现代主义则极力瓦解其理性精神。面对上述这些批评,现代化理论进行了相应的修正。回顾和分析这些理论交锋,对于中国在21世纪中叶基本实现现代化具有重要的意义。

A Review of Modernization Theory and the Enlightenment to China

The development of society is an eternal topic for human beings, and to modernize the society is the aim which we are fighting for. The classical modern theory holds the view that modernization can be characterized as political democratization, economy industrialization, social urbanization and cultural rationalization. It is essential for a developing country eager to realize its modernization dream to imitate Western development models. Modernization theory has made some changes when confronting with so many challenges. Dependency theory criticizes Western-centered ideological bias from the aspect of the core-periphery structure, the world-system theory points out the drawback of its historical view of monism, and postmodernism makes an utmost effort to collapse its rational spirit and so on. The analysis and retrospect of these theories are significant for China''s modernization in 21 century.