西方古典文献中的三种“斯基泰人”概念

在角田文卫所归纳的“匈奴”概念启发下，本文检视西方古典文献中相关“斯基泰人”之用例，指出西方古典作家笔下有三种斯基泰人概念。一是将之视为游牧民族，涵括整个上古欧亚草原的游牧人群，这是绝大多数西方古典作家的看法。而根据希罗多德的记载，我们发现斯基泰人有另外两种概念，既可以指王族斯基泰人这个血缘部落，又可以指以王族斯基泰人为首构成的政治体。这三种概念互有联系，但因内涵不同，在各自语境中的所指具有很大差异。

Three Concepts on Scythians in West Classical Literature

Under the inspiration of the concept of “Huns” summarized by Tsunodo , in this article , the author exam-ines Scythians as a case and resulted in three concepts of “Scythians” in western classical literature texts .First, it was seen as Nomads who would include the whole nomads of Eurasian Steppes .This concept is the majority view from classical writers.However, by reviewing the Herodotus ’ history, we find two more concepts , which can both mean the tribe Royal Scythians and the polity in the Scythia .Three concepts are related , but because of the different connotations , the denota-tions of them vary a lot .