民汉双语诉讼规则之探索

我国宪法赋予了公民用自己的民族语言文字参加诉讼的权利，目的在于实现民族平等、促进民族团结、禁止民族分裂、保护中华民族语言文化的多样性，进而提高我国的文化软实力。通过调查民族语言文字诉讼司法实务，发现当前存在着少数民族语言文字诉讼程序混乱、不符合诉讼原理等问题，不利于民族语言文字诉讼权利的实现。究其原因，在于该诉讼制度缺乏程序保障。为了确保民族语言文字诉讼权利的有效实现，应设立“民汉双语诉讼规则”，以为司法机关提供统一的操作规范。民汉双语诉讼规则应该明确民汉双语诉讼的概念、类型以及民族语言文字诉讼权利的内容，并且根据不同诉讼类型有针对性地设置审判语言与诉讼语言的适用规则。

An Exploration on the Bilingual Litigation Concerning Ethnic People

China's constitution grants citizens the right to participate in litigation with their own ethnic languages, aiming to realize ethnic equality, to promote ethnic unity, to prohibit ethnic division, and to protect the linguistic and cultural diversity of the Chinese nation, and thus improving China's cultural soft power. However, an investigation of the judicial practice concerning the use of ethnic language reveals that problems exist in such litigation, such as non-standard procedures and violation of the principles of litigation. This hinders protection of the litigation rights of ethnic languages. Such problems are caused by the lack of procedural safeguard of the litigation system. In order to ensure the litigation rights of the ethnic languages, a set of "Ethnic-Chinese bilingual litigation rules" should be established to provide the judicial organs with uniform operating standards. The bilingual litigation rules should define the concept, type of the bilingual litigation and content of the litigation rights of ethnic languages, and set rules for the use of trial language and the litigation language applicable to different litigation types.