以礼教守西陲 称忠贤名四方

蜀府在明代50座藩府中长期独享“忠贤”之名，其从分封之始即根据蜀地实际情况选择了“以礼教守西陲”的策略，并与地方政府达成共识，在有明一代一以贯之。相对明代其他藩府，明蜀府政绩卓著、贤王辈出，深受士人和蜀民爱戴，屡次被朝廷表彰，忠贤之名广泛传播，是明朝“大一统”的缔造者之一，清朝在修《明史》时评价其为“蜀中二百年不被兵革”的核心力量。但学界对蜀府的研究严重不足。翻检史料，加上田野调查，可以发现，蜀府始终坚持“事君以忠”，在蜀地提倡文教，对儒释道大力扶持，还协助朝廷完成对茶马交易的有效控制，巩固了西南边陲稳定，树立起了“忠贤”形象。同时，蜀府在不违背“忠”的前提下，“辟土田以积其糇粮”，长期享有“天下首富”的地位，积极向上助大工，为军队捐饷，对地方公共设施慷慨捐助，成为塑造明代四川人文精神的核心力量。蜀府履行藩职的策略，发展了历史上“河间”“东平”之贤，创造出独特的“忠贤文化”，这是在明代体制下明智的生存之道，是明代历史中最具代表性的藩府。

Guard Western Frontier with Ethics,and Enjoy Fame of Loyalty and Sage-on "Great Unity" of Shu in Ming Dynasty

Shu enjoyed the fame of "loyalty and sage" for a long time in the 50 vassal governments of Ming Dynasty, because Shu chose the strategy of "guarding western frontier with ethics" according to the actual situation at that time from the beginning of the enfeoffment, and reached a consensus with the local government, which was consistent in the Ming Dynasty. Compared with other vassal governments in Ming Dynasty, Shu had outstanding achievements and many sages deeply loved by scholars and Shu people, repeatedly commended by the imperial court, and its fame of loyalty and sages widely spread. Shu was one of the founders of "great unity" in Ming Dynasty, and evaluated as core strength of "no revolution by soldiers in Shu in 200 years", when Qing Dynasty revised The history of Ming Dynasty. However, the academic research on Shu is seriously insufficient. Historical data and field investigation reveal that Shu always insisted on "loyalty to the monarch", advocated culture and education in Shu, strongly supported Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism, assisted the central government to complete the effective control of the tea and horse trade, consolidated the stability of the southwest border, served the "great unity" intention of Ming Dynasty wisely, and established the image of "loyalty and sage". At the same time, on the premise of not violating "loyalty", Shu "opened up land to accumulate food", enjoyed the status of "the richest in the world" for years, actively helped national projects, donated money for the army, and generously contributed to local public facilities, thus becoming the core force in shaping the humanistic spirit of Sichuan in Ming Dynasty. Shu's strategy of performing its vassal duties developed the sages of "Hejian" and "Dongping" in history and created a unique "loyal and virtuous culture", which was the wise way to survive in Ming Dynasty and became the most representative vassal government in the history of Ming Dynasty.