基于政策文本量化的国家间专利制度距离研究及实践

文章在Ginarte-Park专利制度量化模型基础上，对于指标内容和指标体系进行了优化改进，通过构建专利制度特征向量以及向量相似度计算的方法，对国家间的专利制度距离进行测算。相比基于Ginarte-Park模型及其衍生模型的专利制度距离计算，本方法计算过程更简洁且相对化，不仅能够对比整体专利制度的差异，同时也能分析不同主题和维度的专利制度差异。采用该模型与方法，对“一带一路”沿线的63个国家与我国的专利制度差异情况进行了研究和分析,发现部分东南亚国家和中东欧国家与我国专利制度相似程度高，部分东南亚国家与我国专利制度差异性较大。通过热力图，对于东盟十国在各个专利制度维度上与我国的差异性进行了透视化分析，有效地识别了具体国家在具体维度方面的差异内容。

Research and Practice on the Distance of Patent Systems between Countries Based on Policy Quantification

On the basis of Ginarte-Park model, this paper optimizes and improves the index content and system. It also calculates the patent system distance between countries by constructing the characteristic vectors of patent system. The calculation process of this method is more concise and relative, compared with the patent system distance calculation based on the existing Ginarte-Park model and its derivative models. It can not only reveal the unlikeness of the overall patent system, but also analyze the differences of patent system in various subjects and dimensions. Using the model and method to analyze the differences of patent system between the 63 countries along the Belt and Road and China, one can find that patent systems bear high similarities between some countries in Southeast Asia, countries in Central and Eastern Europe and China, while a few Southeast Asian countries show differences with China's patent system. Through the heat map, this paper makes a perspective analysis of the differences between Southeast Asian countries and China in various dimensions of patent system, and effectively identifies the differences between specific countries in certain dimensions.