网络社交中的表情包传播优势、传播失范及治理对策

表情包在当今网络社交生活中因为具有醒目性、求异性、社交性、便捷性和利益性等特征而广泛活跃于各大平台，但是也存在一些传播失范现象，带来传播低俗文化、传播攻击性文化以及侵犯肖像权等问题，借鉴“河长制”治理模式对表情包传播中的失范问题进行规制。研究认为，“河长制”治理模式既强调统摄各个环节以建立首尾衔接、环环相扣的治理链条，藉此形成对表情包的闭环治理，又强调综合运用法律监管、技术监管、行政监管、自我监管等治理手段，藉此形成对表情包的协同治理。研究还认为，应当由相关政府部门担任表情包“总河长”,统筹管理表情包的有序发展；表情包制作者、使用平台及大众担任“河长”,分别从源头管理、过程管理、全民监督等方面对表情包进行有效治理，从而进一步营造风清气正的网络社交环境。

Advantages,disorders and countermeasures of emoji dissemination in social networking

In today's online social life, emojis are widely active on major platforms because of their eye-catching, heterogeneous, sociable, convenient, and profit-seeking features, which bring problems such as the dissemination of vulgar culture, aggressive culture, and infringement of portrait rights. This article borrows from the “river chief system” governance model to regulate the chaotic situation of emojis. According to the study, the “river chief system” governance model not only emphasizes the establishment of an end-to-end, interlocking governance chain in the source, process, and after-the-fact links, so as to form a closed-loop governance of emojis, but also emphasizes the comprehensive use of legal regulation, technical regulation, administrative regulation, self-regulation and other governance means to form a collaborative governance of emojis. The study also argues that the relevant authorities should be the “general river chief” of emojis to coordinate and manage the orderly development of emojis; the creators of emojis, the platforms, and the public users should act as “river chiefs” to govern emojis effectively in three aspects of source management, process management, and supervision by all parties involved, so as to further create a clean and healthy online social environment.