翻译测试的“结构效度”及其实现

指出翻译测试是评估翻译教学质量、促进教学改革的重要手段.从翻译的思维活动来描写翻译过程,可将其分为:分析阶段、转换阶段和重构阶段.结合语言测试的"结构效度"理论,提出翻译测试所考查的三种能力为理解能力、表达能力和翻译知识.将翻译能力的构成作为翻译测试的理论依据,从理论上确定翻译测试的"结构效度".探讨了在翻译测试中,通过题型设计、内容选材等方法,实现翻译测试的"结构效度".

Construct Validity of Translation Test and Its Realization

Testing translation is considered as an important means to evaluate and improve the teaching of translation. In light of its mental activities, the process of translating is divided into three stages: analyzing, transferring and restructuring. Testing translation is therefore to test the abilities and knowledge relating to translation in terms of understanding the source language and expressing it in the target language, according to the theory of "construct validity" of language testing. The "construct validity of translation" is defined theoretically with the ways discussed to realize it in the course of test designing and content covering.