旧体诗语序的兼表和兼及

旧体诗特殊的非常态语序兼表是把常态的并列主语句处置成“前主 谓 后置主”的形式,特殊的非常态语序兼及是把常态的并列宾语处置成“前置宾 谓 后宾”的形式。“前主 谓”与“谓 后置主”的关系有并列式、因果式和比喻式三种;“前置宾 谓”与“谓 后宾”的关系有并列式和比喻式两种,用“兼表”和“兼及”理论可以分析理解有些结构复杂含义深刻的诗句,可以把复杂的内容容纳于有限的诗歌形式中,兼表和兼及还是旧体诗句中对仗的典型形式。

Double Subjects and Double Objects in the Word Order of Old-style Poetry

The unusual word order of double subjects in old-style poetry always takes the form of "Front subject + Predicate + Back subject"; the unusual word order of double objects takes the form of "Front object + Predicate + Back Object". "Front subject + Predicate" and "Predicate + Back subject" have three styles: juxtaposition, cause and effect and comparison. "Front object + Predicate" and "Predicate + Back object" have two styles: juxtaposition and comparison. The theories of "double subjects" and "double objects" can be used to analyze some poetic lines with complex structures and deep meanings, and put sophisticated meaning within limited poetic forms. Double subjects and double objects are typical patterns of antithesis in old-style poetry.