信用证欺诈例外原则的豁免研究

独立和抽象原则是信用证交易的基石,但它在客观上存在着保护欺诈受益人的缺点。因此,各国都纷纷建立信用证欺诈倒外原则来进行补救,但信用证欺诈例外原则的滥用又会给信用证交易的善意第三人利益带来冲击,于是信用证欺诈例外原则的豁免应运而生。美国率先在《美国统一商法典》中规定了信用证欺诈例外原则的豁免,英国也通过一系列的判例对信用证欺诈例外原则的豁免给以肯定。我国的信用证立法比较薄弱,虽然近年来的判例和相关文件表明我国对信用证欺诈例外原则的豁免持肯定态度,但立法上的完善应是必须的。

Exemption of Exception Rule of Fraud on Letter of Credit

The independent, abstract rule is the cornerstone of letter of credit(LC) sales, but it protects fraud beneficiary in objectivity. So countries establish the exception rule of fraud on LC to remedy it. However, the abuse of the exception rule would shock the benefit of third party acting in good faith in LC business, which is the reason the exemption of the exception rule of fraud on LC come into being. USA is the leader of regulating the exemption of the exception rule, and UK also confirm it by a series of cases. LC legislation is weak in our country. Recently, the cases and some relative judgments indicate that we are approving it, still the perfection in legislation is necessary.