The Danish Effect: Beginning to Explain High Well-Being in Denmark |
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Authors: | Robert Biswas-Diener Joar Vittersø Ed Diener |
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Institution: | 1.Center for Applied Positive Psychology,Portland,USA;2.University of Troms?,Troms?,Norway;3.University of Illinois,Champaign,USA;4.The Gallup Organization,Washington,USA |
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Abstract: | Although income and happiness have been linked at both the individual and national levels of analysis, few studies have specifically
examined the different relationships between these two variables in affluent nations. This study investigates various measures
of well-being in both the United States and Denmark. Respondents in both countries reported high levels of well-being but
Americans generally reported greater positive and negative affect while Danes reported higher levels of satisfaction and enjoyment.
Interestingly, low income respondents in the United States reported higher negative affect and lower life satisfaction than
their counterparts in Denmark. For positive affect, the major difference between the two countries was found among high income
respondents. The key to understanding differences in the well-being of these two nations appears to lie in understanding the
well-being of the poor. Suggestions for future directions in research are discussed. |
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