对当代生态批评的双重背景的考察

20世纪90年代兴起的当代生态批评与20世纪后半叶西方工业化社会普遍面临的环境问题密切相关，它滥觞于人们开始生态思考并追求一种生态文明社会的时代。就其产生的总体背景来看，20世纪西方社会生产的高速发展与环境的萎缩形成鲜明的背反，人们被迫对社会发展方式进行反思和调整，这成为当代生态批评出现的一层社会背景。同时，随着当代生态学思想的蓬勃发展，生态意识逐渐融入到社会文化的各个领域，为文化与文学领域内生态批评的产生提供了适宜的文化氛围与思想资源，这也构成了当代生态批评出现的一层思想背景。

Contemporary Ecocriticism:Its Dual Background

Contemporary ecocriticism,which appears in the 1990s,is closely related with the environmental crisis confronted by the Western industrialized society in the age when people begin their ecological consideration and seek an ecological civilization.As regards the general background of ecocriticism,there exists a conspicious paradox between the rapid development of social production in the West and the deteriorating environment,which people have to ponder over and make an adjustment to.This is the social backg...