西晋文学三题——兼与曹旭、王灃华二位先生商榷

本文讨论西晋文学的三个问题:一,西晋文学以"绮靡"为主潮,但也曾有明显的转变,主要体现在左思、刘琨对愤懑和灾难的抒写。二,不能简单地从西晋短暂安定繁荣的社会中去寻找"绮靡"文学观的形成原因,西晋"清议"的颓弛、玄学思潮的兴起和士人卑俗的人生旨趣等方面更重要。三,西晋文学大力吸收了前代文学的华美特征,同时遗落、摒弃了前代文学中"情"这一文学创作的核心要素,偏执地走向重精致、细腻、工巧等文学形式美的西晋式的华美。曹旭、王灃华二位先生认为:"自公元420年至唐开元、天宝时期,中国诗学基本上走的是西晋张华、陆机、潘岳、张协等人开辟的缘情绮靡、华美亮丽的道路",本文所论有与这种看法进行商榷的意思。

Three Issues about the Literature of the Western Jin Dynasty --Discussion with Mr. s Cao Xu and Wang Fenghua

This paper expounds on three issues about the literature of the Western Jin Dynasty. Firstly, the mainstream of the literature of the Western Jin Dynasty is ornateness and luxury, but there had had obvious change, mainly reflected in the writings of Zuo Si and Liu Kun of anger and disaster. Secondly, causes for the ornate literary style of that time cannot be simply attributed to the transient stability and prosperity of the then society, and the popularity of pure talk, the rise of metaphysics, the vulgar life pursuit of the scholars account more. Thirdly, the literature of the Western Jin Dynasty absorbed fully the flowery style of former literature and abandoned its core element of ＂love＂, thus the Western Jin style of literary beauty, fineness, delicacy and exqui siteness took into shape. Mr. s Cao Xu and Wang Fenghua once said that from 420 to the Kaiyuan and Tianbo periods of the Tang Dynasty, Chinese poetics basically followed the literary road of ornate, colorful and luxury style which was developed by Zhang Hua, Lu Ji, Pan Yue and Zhang Xie of the Western Jin Dynasty. This paper has intended to discuss this view with them.