从《词学指南》看宋代博学宏词科的考试

宋哲宗绍圣元年立的"宏词科",实际是对罢诗赋、制科流弊的补救。也因其高层次而成了宋代的一个重要科目。中词科后,一般都能委以重任,对士子有较大的吸引力。王应麟发誓考中词科就是一个明显的例证。某种意义上,王氏编撰的《词学指南》,一方面是一种忆念,另一方面也是研究词科的基本史料,能见出词科考试的具体情形,以及如何应试、写作指南等。

Research on the Test of Hongci Ke in the Song Dynasty from A Guide to the Study of Speech

The ＇Hongci Ke＇ （literally the Subject of Eloquent Speech）, set in the first year of Shaosheng during the ruling of theEmperor Zhezong of Song Dynasty, aimed virtually to remedy the long - standing harm of dismissing poetry and couplet in examinationand the disadvantages in the system of intellectual selection. It was an advanced subject and became one of the most important subjectsin Song Dynasty. After intellectuals passed the test, generally they were likely to be entrusted with important positions, which heldgreat appeal for them. Wang Yinglin, who swore to pass the test, was an obvious example. In a sense, A Cat/de to the Study of Speech,compiled by Wang, was not only a form of remembrance but also a kind of essential historical data for the research in this field. Wecan see in this book the specific circumstances of the test, the way to prepare for the test and writing guide.