《伯夷列传》中的公正理念和永恒理念

几乎所有文明的核心价值,都涵有“公正”理念和“永恒”理念。至于如何阐释这些理念,不同的文明采取不同的方式,中国文明主要采取刻诸青史的方式。中国文明这一阐释方式,最经典地体现在《史记》中,特别是体现在其间的《伯夷列传》中:司马迁一是问难苍天(“天道无亲,常与善人”),问出了人间有无“公正”的问题;二是引言孔子(“君子疾没世而名不称焉”),引出了人生能否“永恒”的问题。“公正”使得“永恒”成为必要,而“永恒”又使得“公正”成为可能。司马迁所彰显的这种坚守“公正”理念和“永恒”理念的历史观,不仅仅是一种专业思想,而且已泛化为一种体现着中国文明传统价值取向的文化精神。

The Principles of Justice and Immortality in Biography of Bo Yi

Virtually all cultures in the world have discussed the basic values concerning the principles of justice and immortality.As for expounding the two important terms,different cultures pose their own particular explanations.Our Chinese culture(the Confucianism) has adopted the unique approach of historical recording to the values.This special approach is typically revealed in Records of the Grand Historian and Biography of Bo Yi is the specific part of the book which obviously shows the unique values.In the Biography of Bo Yi,the author,Sima Qian on the one hand pleads to the heaven(The Way of Heaven is just and is on the side of good men.) to question about the principles of justice.On the other hand,he quotes Confucius("The superior man is worried about if he has a good reputation after death.") to lead to discuss about the principles of Immortality.Justice is derived from Immortality and Immortality provides premise for Justice.Sima Qian promotes the principles of justice and immortality that are so exquisite and have been deposited in Chinese culture and later become the cornerstone of Chinese traditional values.