中国居民代际收入流动效应研究

代际收入流动性是研究收入不平等代际传递的重要视角之一。文章讨论了公共服务质量对代际收入流动的影响机制,同时考虑劳动力迁移因素的作用,以劳动力迁移概率为局部工具变量进行Heckman两阶段回归,来考察代际收入的传递效应。估计结果显示:我国目前代际收入流动还处于较低水平;基本公共服务质量的提高能够有效改善代际收入流动,教育、医疗保险在传递路径中的贡献较大;劳动力迁移行为强化了教育等基本服务质量对代际收入流动的促进作用。政府应继续实施基本公共服务均等化政策,合理分配落后地区教育资源,放松限制劳动力流动的因素,加快完善相关社会保障制度。

Research on Intergenerational Income Flow Effect of Chinese Residents

Intergenerational income mobility is one of the important perspectives to study intergenerational transmission of income inequality.This paper discusses the influence mechanism of public service quality on intergenerational income flow,and simultaneously considers the role of labor migration factors,taking the probability of labor migration as a local tool variable to carry out Heckman two-stage regression and examine the transmission effect of intergenerational income.The estimation results show that the intergenerational income flow in China is still at a low level;the improvement of the quality of basic public services can effectively improve the intergenerational income flow,and education and medical insurance make relatively great contributions to the transmission path;the labor migration behavior strengthens the promotion effect of the quality of basic services such as education on intergenerational income mobility.Finally the paper points out that the government should continue to implement the policy of equal access to basic public services,rationally allocate educational resources in backward areas,relax the factors restricting labor mobility,and accelerate the improvement of the relevant social security system.