需求不足及其成因透视

需求不足的表现及成因是 :我国二元经济结构矛盾的长期积累 ,导致工农关系失调 ,产业关联脆弱 ;就业结构转换滞后于产业结构转换 ,导致农业高成本、低效益 ;城市化水平滞后于工业化进程 ,导致主体需求的弹性和空间甚小 ;人均收入水平和消费需求无法迅速提高 ,整个经济发展缺乏消费需求的推动 ;投资需求拉动经济增长乏力 ,难于刺激消费需求的升温 ;短期政策性因素的影响 ,启动经济的成效不明显。扩大有效需求是最基本的对策。

Scant Demand and Its Causes

The author summarizes the manifestations and causes of scant demand as follows. The long-lasting contradiction of dual economy has led to the imbalance between industry and agriculture and inter-industrial friability; employment structure transformation lags behind industrial structure transformation, which leads to the high cost and low efficiency of agriculture; the level of urbanization lags behind the progress of industrialization, which leads to the decrease of the flexibility and space of main demand; failure to increase rapidly the per capita income and consumption demand and lack of impetus to economic development; inability of the investment demand to promote economic development, which fails to stimulate consumption demand; and slow economical development due to short-term economic policies. The basic countermeasure for the situation is to enlarge effective demand.