价值哲学研究的基本范式及其效用

价值哲学是以生活世界中的价值问题为研究对象的 ,因之从学科定位和学科使命来说 ,价值哲学应是社会哲学的或实践论的 ,而不是形而上的纯哲学理论。它原本不以建构形式上严密的逻辑体系为己任 ,而以在对社会生活中重大价值问题进行缜密研究基础上给出正确的价值理念为使命。但价值哲学用以把握价值问题的方式却又是反思的和批判的 ,借以完成此任的有效途径只能是基本原则的设定和范畴体系的设置。价值哲学的学科定位和学科使命决定了价值哲学研究的两种基本范式 :抽象化的即本体论的和认识论的途径 ;现实化的即社会哲学的和实践论的途径。本体论的研究范式保证了价值问题研究的彻底性 ,社会哲学的研究范式保证了价值问题研究的现实性。价值哲学之两种研究范式及其关联决定了 ,它首先要确立一种问题意识 ,然后把社会结构及其变迁作为实践基础 ,视创价与代价为分析框架 ,以供给一定的价值理念为学科使命。只有这样 ,价值哲学才能做到逻辑与历史的一致、理论与实践的结合、科学性与规范性的统一。

Basic Paradigms for the Studies of Value Philosophy and Their Effectiveness

Value philosophy takes as its object of research the value issues in the world of life. Hence, from the perspectives of disciplinary positioning and scientific mission, value philosophy should be on social philosophy or practicality, rather than a metaphysically pure philosophical theory. Initially it did not take as its mission the construction of a formally well-organized system of logics. Rather, it takes as its mission to come up with correct value conceptions on the basis of careful research on the major value issues in social life. However, the approaches that value philosophy employs to the value issues are reflective and critical, the effective means for accomplishing this mission being the establishment of basic principles and categorical system. The disciplinary positioning and scientific mission of value philosophy determine that it should first establish a problem consciousness and then undertake to furnish certain value conceptions as scientific mission on the practical basis of social structure and its evolution and by employing the creative value and its cost as the frame of reference. Only thus can value philosophy achieve the unity between logics and history, theory and practice, and science and standardization.