发展战略、休克疗法与经济转型

本文构筑了一个两部门的动态一般均衡模型,对前苏联和东欧国家实施"休克疗法"转型后产量大幅下降以及产业结构深度重组的现象给出了一个全新的理论解释。在转型前,政府采用扭曲性政策扶持重工业部门,新上台的政府试图采用"休克疗法"尽快取消这些扭曲性政策。结果是,失去政策扶持的重工业部门回报率下降,可流动的生产要素从该部门流出,导致其他非流动性的生产要素出现闲置和废弃,最终可能导致总产出下降。我们给出了"休克疗法"以后经济转型的数值模拟例子,结果表明,一个国家在转型之前的经济扭曲程度越高,其产出下降的幅度就越大;而且,在相同的扭曲程度下,相对落后的国家在转型后的经济恢复速度会更快;另外,我们的模型也能预测转型后产业结构的大幅度调整。

The Development Strategy,the Shock Therapy,and the Economic Transition

We have constructed a two-sector dynamic,general and equilibrium model,giving a completely new theoretical explanation for the fact that,since the former Soviet Union and the countries in Eastern Europe carried out economic transition by the Shock therapy,the production has significantly dropped and the industrial structure has been profoundly regrouped.Before the economic transition,the governments have adopted distorted policies to support the department of the heavy industry,and the new governments have ...