“英国”奥登还是“美国”奥登？——对艺术的个人自由与公共责任的辨证思考

奥登移民美国一事曾激起英国文坛的非议，当年的批评者认为他没有担当好诗人的公共责任。但艺术并非是社会状况的简单呼应，奥登对个人艺术自由的坚持，源于他对“艺术无用性”的认识，源于他以“真实”为标准的艺术价值观，他认为写作本身便具有社会政治性。因此，其写作的私人化倾向，不是对诗人责任的抛弃，而是体现公共责任的迂回方式，因为对他本人而言，写作的私人化更有效地达到了艺术真实。

"British" Oden or "America" Oden --dialectical thinking on personal freedom and public responsibility concerning art

Oden＇ s immigration to the United States was much criticized by British literary circle as failing to bear a poet＇s public responsibilities. But since art is not a simple echo of social condition, Oden＇ s individual insist- ence of artistic freedom is originated from his understanding of ＂the uselessness of art＂ and his artistic value of ＂re- alness as the standard＂. He thinks writing in itself is political and social. Thus, his privatization of writing is no a- bandon of poets＇ responsibility, but a circuitous way to show public accountability. Because his privatization of writing has more effectively achieved realness of art.