共通性与共同性——从中国哲学看人的超越性存在

普遍性是哲学和科学共同关心的问题。但是,哲学与科学所追求的“普遍性”却有着根本性的区别。哲学的普遍性,其显性的特征是“通”,可以用“共通性”这个概念来表征它;科学的普遍性,其显性的特征是“同”,可以用“共同性”这个概念来表征它。“通”的意义是,成就差异以达成沟通,经由充分的个性化而构成一“共通性”的境域。这个“通”的精神,表现了人类存在原初的生命情态。这人类存在原初生命情态的“共通性”之概念哲理表现,为哲学;形象表现,为艺术;由仪式、功夫、仪轨而引向精神修炼,达到存在转变中的生命实现,为宗教。中国传统哲学始终一贯地坚持了此一“通”的精神,这使它能够代替宗教构成中国文化的超越性价值基础。关注和深入探讨中国传统哲学这种“通以显体”的精神,对未来世界哲学的健康发展,具有重要的理论意义。

Catholicity and Sameness-- An Exploration of Man's Extramundane Existence

Universality is the shared concern for both philosophy and science;however,the universality pursued by them turns out to be essentially different.Philosophical universality can be represented as"catholicity",while scientific universality can be represented as"sameness".Catholicity can be defined as achieving intercourse and intercommunication while transcending disparities and differences to realize a realm of"catholicity" through a thorough characterization.The spirit of "catholicity" represents pristine human relationship and bearing.Therefore,"catholicity",in this sense,can be conceptually represented in the form of philosophy,visually in the form of arts,and spiritually in the form of religion.Traditional Chinese philosophies have consistently adhered to the spirit of such a "catholicity",which enables them to constitute the basis of traditional Chinese culture.A deeper research of traditional Chinese philosophies from the perspective of "catholicity" will be of great significance to the healthy development of world philosophies.