魏晋南北朝"什伍"之制与乡村社会控制

魏晋南北朝的“什伍”之制上承秦、汉。作为封建政权基层管理的最末梢组织和对民众实行连保、连坐的法律控制方式,由于当时的动乱背景,“什伍”之制为当时的许多封建政权所实行。本文在分析此时“什伍”之制尤其是“什伍连坐”的种种表现后认为,此时作为封建政权控制乡村社会重要手段的“什伍连坐”不仅有沿袭,而且也有修正,同时也有顺应当时乡民聚居形态变化的一面。这种和户籍管理紧紧相扣的制度是我们认识封建政权控制乡村社会的重要方面。

On the Control of the Countryside through "Shiwu System" in the Wei, Jin and South and North Dynasties

The "shiwu system, i.e. one shiwu consists of ten families that share criminal responsibility of one another)" carried out by the Wei, Jin, South and North dynasties was a system handed down from Qin and Han dynasties. Owing to the disordered historic background, such system was carried out by many feudalist kingdoms, In this paper, by analyzing the system, especially the conditions where the system was carried out then, it is held that the system not only was carried on, but also was a-mended; meanwhile, the system was complied with the development of the living state of the people then. Such system, which was closely connected with the census register, helps us to understand how feudalist regimes controlled the society of the countryside.