20世纪20—30年代江苏农村合作运动论略

农村合作运动是国民党政权定鼎南京后极力推行的一项国家社会经济政策。抗战前,江苏省率先进行农村合作运动,并为之设立了农村合作事业指导委员会与金融部门江苏省农民银行;出台了种种有利于合作社业务展开的举措,如加大农贷资金、采用多种贷款方式、限制借贷利率等。这些作法在加速江苏农村合作事业发展的同时,也或多或少地增加了农业生产的投入,改变了乡村借贷的传统格局,促使了农民思想观念的转型和乡村社会的现代化。但由于当时基层的政治、经济和社会结构尚未彻底变革,难以达到国民政府之初衷,然改良农村的努力则不应忽视。

The cooperative movement of rural area in Jiangsu province during 1920-1930

The cooperative movement of rural area was a national economic policy,im plemented by Kuomingtang government after it com e into being in Nanking.Before anti -Japanese war broke out,Jiangsu province was the first one to begin th is movement.The provincial governm ent set up committee of coopera-tion and agricultural bank;brought forth some policies.It boosted agricultural production more or less,al-tered the pattern of debit and credit in rural area,facilitated the transformation of thoughts of peasants an d the modernization of rural society.But because the transformation of politics,economy and social structur e was not thorough,this movement did n ot reach the initial goal of the government.However,it should be mentioned that the effort of the government to improve the situation in ru ral area should not be neglected.