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Determinants of tobacco use among Korean female adolescents: Longitudinal test of the theory of triadic influence
Institution:1. Department of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Institute of Health Policy and Management, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA;1. Division of Child Welfare, Sookmyung Women''s University, Cheongpa-ro, 47-gil 100, Yongsan-gu, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Economics, Myongji University, 34 Geobukgol-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03674, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea;1. Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy;2. Lega contro i Tumori (LILT) di Reggio Emilia, Italy;3. Istituto Oncologico Romagnolo (IOR), Forlì, Italy;4. Department of Translational Medicine, Avogadro University, Novara, Italy;5. Public Health Service, Emilia-Romagna Region, Bologna, Italy
Abstract:This study aimed to examine the influences of social, attitudinal, and intrapersonal factors at three levels on tobacco use among female adolescents in South Korea using longitudinal national data. The study analyzed data from the Korean Youth Panel Study, with a study population consisting of middle-school second-graders (N = 1594). Using time dependent Cox regression, our analyses yielded the following main findings: the theory of triadic influence was verified to provide a theoretical framework for smoking among Korean female adolescents. All of the social factors at the three levels, including parental supervision, attachment to friends, and peer smoking prevalence, were found to influence tobacco use among Korean female adolescents. Stigma on the distal level and attitude towards smoking on the proximal level were significant attitudinal factors. Among intrapersonal factors, self-control on the distal level and stress on the proximal level were found to be significant. The study findings suggest that including parental education and promoting attachment to non-smoking friends, as well as enhancing sound relationships with them, would provide an effective strategy for the prevention and cessation of smoking. Prevention and cession should include strategies that alleviate stigma and stress, and improve negative attitude toward smoking and the level of self-control.
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