Risky sexual behavior and substance use among adolescents: A meta-analysis |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Health Equity Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, United States;2. Urban Youth Trauma Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, United States;3. Center for Advanced Study of Teaching and Learning, University of Virginia, United States;4. Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, United States;5. Institute for Social Science Research, University of Alabama, United States;1. Department of Applied Social Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;2. Department of Social Work, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;1. Health Promotion Research Center, Epidemiology & Biostatistics Department, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Doctor Hesabi Square, Zahedan 9817667993, Iran;2. Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, District 1, Daneshjou Blvd., Tehran 1983963113, Iran;1. Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States;2. Center for Advanced Study of Teaching and Learning (CASTL), University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, United States;3. The National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States;4. College of Human Environmental Sciences, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, United States |
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| Abstract: | This study presents the results of a meta-analysis of the association between substance use and risky sexual behavior among adolescents. 87 studies fit the inclusion criteria, containing a total of 104 independent effect sizes that incorporated more than 120,000 participants. The overall effect size for the relationship between substance use and risky sexual behavior was in the small to moderate range (r = .22, CI = .18, .26). Further analyses indicated that the effect sizes did not substantially vary across the type of substance use, but did substantially vary across the type of risky sexual behavior being assessed. Specifically, mean effect sizes were the smallest for studies examining unprotected sex (r = .15, CI = .10, .20), followed by studies examining number of sexual partners (r = .25, CI = .21, .30), those examining composite measures of risky sexual behavior (r = .38, CI = .27, .48), and those examining sex with an intravenous drug user (r = .53, CI = .45, .60). Furthermore, our results revealed that the relationship between drug use and risky sexual behavior is moderated by several variables, including sex, ethnicity, sexuality, age, sample type, and level of measurement. Implications and future directions are discussed. |
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