“五四”文学人性话语探源

晚清文学改良者在救亡图强的压力下完成了“人的发现”，尤其是在传统观念下处于弱势、边缘地位的妇女、儿童，并且在“人的发现”的基础上完成了文学观念的初步更新。与晚清对于人的社会意义的突出不同，“五四”则强调回到原初意义上的有着各种性别、年龄、性格等个性差异的人本身，从而完成了另一种意义上的“人的发现”。在此基础上，“五四”文学在人类主义的宽广视野下，以个人主义为核心，完成了中国文学的现代转型。

The Origin of the Humanistic Discourse in the Literature of the May 4 Movement

The literary reformists in the late Qing Dynasty, under the pressure of saving and reinforcing the nation, accomplished ＂the discovery of man＂ and particularly the discovery of the weak and marginal group of women and children. On the basis of ＂the discovery of man＂, they completed the initial innovation of literary ideas. Different from the late Qing which emphasized the idea of the social meaning of man, the May 4 Movement highlighted the return to the original nature of man with distinctive features of sex, age and character, which means the accomplish- ment of ＂the discovery of man＂ in another sense. On this basis, the May 4 Movement literature, with the broad vision of anthropologism and the orientation to individualism, fulfilled the modern transformation of Chinese literature.