关于构成侵犯著作权罪应否需要“以营利为目的”的理性思考——兼评《关于办理侵犯知识产权刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》中的相关规定

关于构成侵犯著作权罪应否需要"以营利为目的",学界形成了"取消论"和"保留论"两种意见。双方各有一定道理,但是不足之处也很明显。妥当的做法应当是从"批评"和"固守"走向"解释",通过对"以营利为目的"的扩大解释,可以有效规制市场秩序,实现法律效果与社会效果的统一。事实上,新近出台的《关于办理侵犯知识产权刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》也采取了这种立场。这体现着对作者利益与公共利益的平衡,对社会进步与人权保障的平衡,以及对著作权法保护与刑法保护的平衡。

Rational Thoughts on Profit Intention of Copyright Crime——Comments on Caluses in Opinions to Some Issues on the Application of Law for Handling Criminal Cases of Infringement upon Intellectual Property Rights

There are two theories about whether the constitution of copyright crime needs profit intention: one claims to abolish it and the other claims to reserve it.Both of them have some merits,but the deficiencies are also evident.The proper way is not "critique" or "defence",but expanding interpretation of profit intention.Only in this way can we regulate the market effectively,and achieve the unity of legal effect and social effect.In fact,Opinions to Some Issues on the Application of Law for Handling Criminal Cases of Infringement upon Intellectual Property Rights,which is recently issued,holds the same standpoint.It reflects the balance between authors’ interests and public interest,the balance between social development and guarantee of human rights,and the balance between the protection of Copyright Law and the protection of Criminal Law.