量化研究与质化研究——社会科学研究方法的歧异与整合

社会科学研究中的量化研究与质化研究所代表的不仅是收集资料的方法以及所收集的资料的不同 ,量化研究与质化研究属于不同的科学思考典范。量化研究遵循实证主义的方法 ,重视知识的客观性 ,强调科学方法的普遍性及妥当性 ;质化研究以现象学、诠释学、批判理论、俗民方法学、符号互动论等为其哲学基础 ,强调主体性在认知过程中的重要性 ,期望把握更真且具人味的真理。 2 0世纪 80年代以后 ,量化研究与质化研究逐渐被整合到同一个研究之中 ,称之为多元方法。多元方法之科学哲学上的取向是寻求值得信赖的解释 ,所以 ,它被视为一种基于质化研究的非线性式的三角交叉检视法。

Quantitive Research and Qualitive Research:Difference and Adjustment of Research Methods of Social Science

Quantitative analysis is different from qualitative analysis not just in the methods of collecting date and collected date, in fact, they belong to different conceptions. Quantitative analysis complies with positivism, emphasises on objectivity of the knowledge and atresses in the universality and suitability of the methods that we applied; But qualitative analysis is based on phenomenology, hermeneutics,critical theory, ethnomethodology and symbolic interactionism.It emphasises on the importance of mainstay in the process of cognition,and hopes to get the truth with more verily and sapidity of man.After 1980's,quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis are reunited into one study that is called multimethod.The multimethod is regarded as a triangulation method based on the qualitative analysis, because its philothical tendency is seeking trustworthiness.