论中西讽刺诗的文体特征及差异

讽刺诗是世界性的诗歌体裁,中西方讽刺诗都有嘲世、嘲人和嘲己三大讽刺模式,也有教化和娱乐两大功能。中西方文化生态的差异,造成了同样一种文体在讽刺风格和讽刺功能上的不同。中国讽刺诗具有直面社会的写实风格和谐隐怨刺而又节制宽容的风格;西方讽刺诗大多采用直笔方式,鲜明辛辣,嘲人的较多。中国讽刺诗人做人的保守和讽刺的中庸决定了讽刺诗文体形态的稳定,西方讽刺诗由于讽刺诗人的激进造成了文体形态的多变。

Characteristics and Differences between the Writing Forms of the Satirical Poems in China and the West

Being a world poetic style, satirical poems both of China and of the West could be satires on the society, on the people and on oneself, and in addition could be used for education and entertainments. Differences on cultural modes between China and the West made the same writing form different on the satirical style and functions. Chinese satirical poems are realistic but mile and tolerant; while the western satirical poems are bitter ironies satirizing the people directy. Chinese poets are conservative in conducting themselves in the society and mediocre in creating poems, thus the formation of literary form for the satirical poems is stable; while the variation of the formation of literary form is due to the radical characteristics of the western poets.