股东权利及其实现机制

立法者在界定股东权利时，既可以直接规定股东权利，也可以规定相对人的义务，以间接表达股东权利的内涵。为了确保股东权利的实现，公司法应当确立公司对股东的一般保护义务。董事义务是公司保护义务的延续，它是源于信托和委任观念的成文法义务，而不拘泥于信托和委任的传统规则。公司保护义务和董事义务奠定了股东权利实现的基础，却难以满足股权集中型公司中股东权利保护的现实需求，应当通过扩大解释董事义务或创设禁止权利滥用的规则，确立控股股东的特别义务和责任。

The Rights of Shareholders and Their Implementation

When defining the rights of shareholders, legislators can specify them either directly or in- directly by stipulating the obligations of the opposite party. In order to ensure the realization of the rights of shareholders, the Company Law should establish a general obligation to protect the share- holders of which director obligation is the extension. These obligations lay the foundation for the implementation of shareholder rights. However, they are not enough in the case of ownership concentration companies where we should broaden the directors obligations or create rules prohibiting the abuse of rights.