从李煜到苏轼——“士大夫词”的承继与自觉

李煜后期的词作“感慨遂深”,与前期词作的绮靡香艳绝不类同,在词史上第一次“变伶工之词而为士大夫之词”。但这一开创性的贡献直到苏轼的出现才真正得到了自觉的继承。从李煜突变性的开创,到宋初诸人有意无意地渐变,再到苏轼明确地自觉,“士大夫之词”在各种内因外因的作用下完成了它演进确立的过程。而李煜和苏轼,则是千年词史上两个重要的关节点。

From Li Yu to Su Shi——Inheritance and Self-awareness of Literati-official's Ci

The ci of Li Yu in the latter period of his life became profoundly emotional and set itself apart from those with flowery diction but superficial feelings that he produced before, which first marked the change of ci from the words of actor’s to those of literati-officials in the history of Chinese ci. But his pioneering contribution had not been inherited until Su Shi, another famous literati-official in China. From Li Yu’s creative pioneering, through the gradual evolution in the conscious and unconscious efforts by a number of literati-officials in the early Song dynasty, then to Su Shi’s definite awareness, literati-official’s ci experienced a process of transmutation and establishment by internal and external actions. Thus, Li Yu and Su Shi stand as two key joints in the history of Chinese ci.