韩非子与马基雅维里的政治哲学

韩非子与马基雅维里虽然民族不同、国籍不同、时代不同,但在政治理论的建构上却都摆脱了以往的宗教信仰主义和道德理想主义,走上了一条政治功利主义的道路。他们不仅使政治脱离了宗教和道德的羁绊,成为一种独立的学说;而且都将其建立在"人性恶"的理论基础之上。他们的政治哲学不仅在民族国家的历史进程中发生了重要的影响,而且都对"极权主义"和"霸权主义"的政治行径产生了推波助澜的作用,因而受到了后人毁誉不一的评价。在民族国家尚未解体、全球图景已然展开的新的历史条件下,比较和研究韩非子与马基雅维里的思想体系,不仅可以使我们汲取其中的经验和教训,而且有助于我们重新反思政治哲学的支点与内涵。

The Political Philosophies of Han Fei Tzu and Machiavelli

Han Fei Tzu and Machiavelli,with different backgrounds in terms of nationalities and times,both casted off the limitations of religion and moralism in their constructions of political theories and took a path of political utilitarianism.They reset politics as an independent discipline based on the supposition of the evilness of human nature.Their political philosophies not only play a vital role in the development of nation-states but also stimulate the emergences of totalitarianism and hegemonism.As a result,both of them are praised and accused by subsequent generations.Under the new situation of globalization that nation-states are still there,the comparison and research of the Han Fei Tzu and Machiavelli would not only benefit us with experiences and lessons but also help us to reflect on the pivot and intensions of political philosophy.