The use of bonding studies in child welfare permanency planning

This article examines the use of bonding studies in permanency planning. It discusses the history, methods and controversies surrounding bonding studies. Approaches and protocols based on clinical experience are recommended.Mr. Stokes is in private practice in Chicago, specializing in the treatment of children, adolescents and adoption issues. Ms. Strothman is in private practice in Chicago, specializing in family violence, treatment of children and adults, and foster care.