试论规训化教育的形成——一种谱系学的考察

规训化教育是现代性教育的危机之一,其核心在于＂训练＂,通过规范化的训练技术对受教者进行算度、甄别、判定和等级化。规训化教育带来的是生命本能的衰竭,精神文化的贫乏和德性理想的丧失。治理规训化教育是现代教育的当务之急。结合福柯的谱系学方法可以发现,教育中惩罚方式的转变,工具理性的僭越和学科规训的形成造就了当今社会规训化教育的形态。治理规训化教育需要一场理性的重新启蒙,重新建构一种理想主义的教育精神,从规训之路走向教化之路。

On the Formation of Discipline Education—A Genealogical Study

Discipline education is one of crisis of modern education.The core of discipline education is "training",i.e.to calculate,screen,identify and grade trainees by means of the standardized training techniques.Discipline education results in failure of life instinct,poverty of spiritual culture and loss of moral ideal.Management of discipline education is a critical matter of the modern education.According to Michel Foucault’s genealogical methods,it is found that the changed way of punishment in education,arrogation of instrumental rationality and formation of disciplinarity bring about the form of current discipline education.Governance of discipline education needs rational re-enlightenment,reconstruction of idealistic spirit of education and transformation from discipline to enlightenment.