论杭州超山梅花风景的繁荣状况、经济背景和历史地位

超山在今杭州市余杭区塘栖镇南,清中叶以来这里的梅花风景开始兴起,其声势逐步超过杭郊西溪、皋亭、大雄等梅花名胜,民国以来种植规模不断扩大,民国中叶臻于极盛,成了当时全国最大的梅产地和赏梅胜地。鼎盛时以超山为中心,分布范围覆盖了今余杭区塘栖、崇贤、临平三镇间的整个三角地带,远不是人们常说的＂十里梅花＂,而是方圆百里。民国间超山梅花的进一步兴盛得益于现代工商业和都市社会尤其是上海大都市的发展所带来的机遇。上海冠生园开发的陈皮梅畅销全国,原料取给于超山,有力激发了超山梅产业的兴旺,而沪上各界的热情揄扬也提升了超山梅花的旅游人气。超山梅花方圆百里的盛大规模,不仅在民国年间,在整个中国历史上都是首屈一指的。作为跨时代的风景名胜,它体现了农业风景由古代向现代转型的丰富历史内涵,包含着现代农、工、商、交通、旅游、文化各业相互作用、交融发展的时代气息和人文意义。

On the Prosperity,Economic Background and Historical Position of Plum Blossom in Chao Mountain of Hangzhou

Chao mountain is located in Southern part of Tangxi town,Yuhang District,and began to be more famous than the usual scenic spot such as Xixi,Gaoting,Daxiong since the middle stage of Qing Dynasty.The scale of Chao mountain was expanding during the Republic of China,and reached its acme in the middle period of the Republic of China as the largest plum blossom resort.In the period of great prosperity,the Chao mountain resort covered three towns named Chongxian,Tangxi,Linping,is not commonly known as "plum with 5 sq.kms.",but also more than 50 sq.kms.The prosperity of Chao mountain plum benefit from modern industrial,commercial development and urban society,especially the development of metropolitan Shanghai.Preserved arbutuses with orange peel extract produced by Guanshengyuan Group in Shanghai are sold well all over the country,and its raw materials originate from Chao mountain.At the same time,because of the tourists from Shanghai,the tourist industry in Chao mountain was boosted.The scale of Chao mountain listed first in all Chinese history rather than in the period of Republic of China.As an epochal scenic site,the Chao mountain resort reflects the transformation from the ancient to the modern of the agricultural landscape,which also contains the modern interactive and humanistic meaning among agriculture,industry,commerce,transport,tourism,and culture.