六朝士人的处世哲学与理想追求

玄学作为儒、佛、道等多家思想交融糅合后产生的新哲学思潮,其内部诸因素并未达到实质性的融合,特别是强调伦理本位的儒家与提倡人格自由的道家,无论是在现实的处世态度还是理想境界的理论构建上都存在着差异。正统玄学理论并未能从根本上解决其中的矛盾,从而使六朝名士于内外两难中产生了双重人格,其处世哲学与理想追求也呈现异化的倾向。然而,六朝后期的士族文人逐步将玄学两大理论家王弼与郭象所构建的超越的精神境界现实化、世俗化,它体现在名士的认知方式、典型的文化行为中,更体现在六朝后期人们对理想世界追求日趋平淡冲和的色彩中。

The Social Philosophy and Ideality Seeking of the ShiRen in the Six-Dynasties

XuanXue is a new philosophy,which originated from Confucianism and Taoists,and absorbed Buddhism in the later Eastern-Jin Dynasty. Because of the difference between the Confucianism and the Taoist,the famous ShiRen had a bi-personality,which the theorists of XuanXue were not able to solve ultimately. But in the Late of the Six-Dynasties,the ShiRen phased in turning the ideality into reality and common customs.That is to say,their cognizing mode or their cultural behavior changed to be more relaxable and peaceful.