完善非正规就业"上海模式"的思考

1996年上海市从国际劳工组织引入"非正规就业"概念,通过政府的扶持和带动,建设"非正规就业劳动组织",形成了非正规就业的"上海模式",其核心特征是政府主导和政府运作.这一模式在具体运行中发挥了一定的经济和社会效应,但是也存在着一些弊端,改革和完善"上海模式"的建议包括:扩大对各类非正规就业管理的覆盖面;加强对各种非正规就业管理的规范性;推动非正规就业的创业孵化作用、向中小型企业转制;加强社会力量和市场力量对非正规就业发展的调节与管理作用.

The Government- led Informal Employment Organization (IEO): Informal Employment in Shanghai and the Shanghai Model

Shanghai Model of Employment has been highly appreciated by International Labor Organization(ILO) and Chinese National Ministry of Labor and Social Security for its successful initiatives on increasing employment position,and executing quasi-formal management and social protections for informal labors.The paper concludes the characteristics of Shanghai Model as strongly institutionalized,disadvantage population oriented and community based employment,and the paper concludes the essence of the Shanghai Model as a kind of government-led informal employment pattern in urban China.Based on empirical field studies,the paper enumerates the shortcoming of the Shanghai Model in practices,and puts forward relevant policy implications on further developing of the model.Those suggestions include:to strengthen the government's role in social protection and formally employment management;to promote social and market forces to better stimulate competition and self-enterpreneurship;to strengthen social organizations' involvement in informal employment affairs and services.