非人类中心环境伦理学的若干理论问题

非人类中心环境伦理的建立需要在理论上对传统的伦理思想有一些重大的突破。从历史上人类道德意识发展的趋势看 ,人们将道德关怀的范围扩展到人类之外是有可能的 ;但从道德行为的性质看 ,非人类中心的环境伦理得面对一些重要的理论难题。解决这些难题的关键 ,不在于根据既有的伦理原则进行逻辑的推衍 ,而在于人们通过跟非人类生命形式的沟通而建立起与它们的认同。这种认同在程度和范围上受到的限制意味着非人类中心的环境伦理可能也只能在有限的意义上建立。

Some theoretical issues of non- anthropocentric environmental ethics

A formation of non-anthropocentric environmental ethics demands some significant theoretical breakthroughs in traditional ethical thinking. In terms of the historical trend in the development of human moral consciousness, it is of possibility for human beings to extend the scope of the moral concerns beyond the human species; non-anthropocentric environmental ethics is faced with some important theoretical dilemmas in terms of the nature of the moral act. The key to addressing these issues does not lie in a logical derivation from existing ethical principles, but in a communication with and identification of nonhuman life forms. The limitation of identification in degree and scope means that non-anthropocentric environmental ethics may be formed in a limited sense.